TYPE: Fighter, interceptor. Project

ACCOMMODATION: Pilot only

POWER PLANT: Two Lorin ramjets, rated at 900 kp each

PERFORMANCE: No data available

COMMENT: The P.1079/13 was one of several Messerschmitt designs to meet the Luftwaffe’s late-War request for a small, cheap, single-seat target-defense interceptor. This design included two wing-mounted Lorin ramjets or conventional turbojet engines. For take-off a trolley-launch system was provided and solid fuel rockets were used for acceleration until the ramjets will work. After mission the aircraft landed on a skid. No further details are known.

TYPE: Fighter. Project

ACCOMMODATION: Pilot only

POWER PLANT: One Heinkel-Hirth HeS 011 tubojet engines, rated at 1,300 kp

PERFORMANCE: 652 mph at 19,658 ft

COMMENT: On July 15, 1944, the RLM submitted Proposal 226/II to Germany’s aircraft manufacturers. This “Emergency Fighter Competition” specified the following requirements for the second-generation of jet-powered fighters: powered by a single Heinkel-Hirth He S 011 turbojet, maximum speed of 621 mph at 22,966 feet, fuel capacity 30 minutes of sea level flying time, altitudes up to 45,931 ft, four MK 108 30mm cannon, and pressurized cockpit. Immediately Messerschmitt began to design the project Me P.1101 and nine days later the first blueprints were on the drawing board. The fuselage was short and wide, the cockpit was forward mounted, with the canopy integrated into the fuselage and forming part of the rounded nose of the aircraft. Two round air intakes on either side of the cockpit fed the single Heinkel-Hirth turbojet engine which was located in the lower rear fuselage. Mid-mounted wings had an inner sweep of 40 degree near the fuselage, and a shallower 26 degree outboard. The high tail was of a butterfly configuration, and was mounted on a tapered boom which extended over and past the jet exhaust. A tricycle landing gear was provided and the main armament of four cannon was located in the lower forward fuselage sides. Already on August 30, 1944, a new design was proposed, basically similar to the Me P.1101/13, but sleeker and a more pointed nose. The wing was “borrowed” from the Me 262 outer wing, was swept back at 40 degrees, and a V-tail was also to be fitted. As early as November 1944 the initial design phase of the final variant was started and simultaneously the construction of a prototype began resulting in the Messerschmitt Me P.1101 V1 (Ref.: 16).

TYPE: High altitude interceptor

ACCOMMODATION: Pilot only, in pressurized cockpit

POWER PLANT: One Daimler-Benz DB603V inverted V-12 liquid-cooled piston engine with Hirth TJ KL 15 turbo-charger, rated at 1,609 hp at 32,808 ft

PERFORMANCE:  435 mph at 52,493 ft

COMMENT: : Immediately after transfer of the Messerschmitt Me 155-project from Messerschmitt to Blohm & Voss the layout and the arrangement of the radiator was a topic of intensive discussion between both companies. Dr. Vogt from Blohm & Voss Company suggested a solution to delete the unpopular complex underwing radiators. As a result the Bv P.205, as the designation was officially given to that design, the aircraft was quite different in appearance to the Bv 155B. The clumsy wing-mounted radiators of the Bv 155B were eliminated, and the main landing gear leg attachment points were moved inboard to retract inwards. The cooling was provided by an annular frontal radiator as in the Focke-Wulf Ta 152. Large circular intakes were attached to the fuselage sides above the wing roots. The engine cowling and turbo–charger were unchanged. With the wings now free of clutter, they were considerably simpler and were reduced in span. This also had the side effect of reducing the track, which would later prove to be a welcome change. The new design would be simpler, lighter and faster, and plans were made to make it the standard version of the aircraft. The project never left the drawing board, but further development led to the Blohm & Voss Bv 155C “Spezial Höhenjäger” (Special high altitude fighter) where all radiators were located underneath the engine, allowing an aerodynamically clean airfoil. A mock-up was under construction when the war ended (Ref.: 17, 23).

TYPE: Long-range fighter. Project.

ACCOMMODATION: Pilot only

POWER PLANT: One Heinkel-Hirth HeS 021 turboprop engine, rated at 2,000 hp, plus 750 kp thrust

 PERFORMANCE: 560 mph in 29,500 ft

COMMENT: This Focke-Wulf design was powered by a He S 021 turboprop, located within the fuselage just behind the cockpit. The jet engine was fed by two air intakes located in each wing root. The wing was swept back 31 degrees and was mounted mid-fuselage, and the tail planes were also swept back. A tricycle landing gear arrangement was fitted. Armament was to be a single MK 103 30mm cannon firing through the propeller hub and two MG 213 20mm cannon in the lower forward fuselage. This project never left the drawing board. As far as the appearance of this project is concerned it definitively has influenced the outline of the post-war development McDonnell XF-88 “Voodoo” (Ref.: 16)

TYPE: Target-defense interceptor. Project.

ACCOMMODATION: Pilot only, in seated position

POWER PLANT: One Heinkel-Hirth HeS 021 turboprop engine, rated at 2,000 hp plus 750 kp thrust, driving six-blade propeller within a circular wing

PERFORMANCE: 497 mph

COMMENT: The Heinkel “Wespe” (“Wasp”) was designed in late 1944 as a Vertical Take-Off and Landing (VTOL) interceptor. It should be used as a “Punktverteidiger” (Target defense interceptor) to protect factory complexes and military facilities which only had small or no airfields. The idea goes back to early 1939, when Werner von Braun proposed a rocket driven aircraft (Braun fighter) that should vertically take-off from a truck on two guide rails. Although the scheme was discarded as impracticable by the RLM, later during the war the Fieseler Company prepared a series of interceptor design studies under the generic designation Fieseler Fi 166 (a rocket-driven aircraft on the tip of a Aggregat 4  (A4, better known as V2) as booster. Finally, in late spring 1944, the RLM issued a requirement for a small and inexpensive target-defense interceptor that led to the development of the Bachem Ba 349 “Natter”(Colubrid). Other companies followed such as the Heinkel Company with projects like He P.1077 “Julia I” and “Julia II”, or the propeller-driven VTOL-projects “Wespe” (Wasp) and “Lerche II” (“Lark”), or Focke-Wulf with its Fw “Treibflügeljäger”  (thrust-wing fighter).

To the Heinkel “Wespe”. The aircraft was designed around a circular wing, with small wing tips protruding beyond the circular wing at the two lower wing support locations.  A single Heinkel-Hirth HeS 021 turboprop, rated at 2,000 horsepower plus 750 kp thrust, was fed by an air intake located below the cockpit.  The “Wespe” took off and landed on three landing gear, the pilot sat in a normal seated position in the nose under a huge blown canopy, and two MK 108 30mm cannon mounted in blisters on each side of the cockpit were envisioned for the armament. Further development was abandoned due to the approaching war’s end. A more aerodynamic VTOL interceptor project, the Heinkel “Lerche” (Lark) was on the drawing board (Ref. 16, 17).

TYPE: High-altitude interceptor. Project

ACCOMMODATION: Pilot only

POWER PLANT: Two Junkers Jumo 004B turbo-jet engines, rated at 890 kp each plus two Lorin ram-jets, rated at 1,350 kp each

PERFORMANCE: 714 mph (estimated)

COMMENT: Dr. E. Sänger, a convinced supporter of ram-jet powered aircraft, e. g. Skoda-Kauba SK P. 14-01 and SK P.14-02, proposed to increase the performance of a Messerschmitt Me 262 by integrating two additional Lorin ram-jets. The ram-jets, each 5.90 m long, were mounted above the wing resp. the turbo-jet engines, the air intake was 45.1, and the exhaust pipe 85 cm in diameter, respectively. It was calculated that the Me 262 could reach 48,557 ft within 11.5 minutes. Finally, this project was not pursued (Ref.: 19)

TYPE: Turbojet powered fighter. Project.

ACCOMMODATION: Pilot only

POWER PLANT: Two Junkers Jumo 004B turbojet engines, rated at 900 kp each

PERFORMANCE: No data available

COMMENT: In early 1943 during a conference led by the RLM it was proposed to reconstruct a Messerschmitt Bf 109 into a jet powered fighter. Because the airframe of the Bf 109 was not suited for such a modification it was decided to use the fuselage of a Messerschmitt Me 109H high-altitude fighter, the undercarriage of the Messerschmitt Me 309, and the wing of the projected Messerschmitt Me 409. Nevertheless, soon it became clear that too many parts had to be changed so after two month the project was cancelled (Ref.: 19).